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Men of Steel
Background Information for Teachers

• Read background information on the Waves of Technology and markerHenry Noll at the ExplorePAHistory website.
• See altered photos that became "tall tale postcards" at the American Museum of Photography. (The photos are postcards created between 1908 and 1910 by a photographer named William H. "Dad" Martin. America was largely a rural society in the early 1900s. Martin used rural scenes and trick photography to produce these wildly exaggerated postcards. The postcards are like a visual tall tale.)
• See an image of Joe Magarac–The Miraculous Steelworker Made of Steel courtesy of the Carnegie Library collection. (Student Handout 4 - Extension Images of Joe Magarac contains other artwork of Joe Magarac. They include: Vittor's three-foot plaster model of Joe Magarac now displayed at the Western Pennsylvania Historical Society in Oakland, the bronze relief of Joe Magarac from the Manchester Bridge of 1915 found in the garden next door to the Children's Museum of Pittsburgh, the painting of Joe Magarac at the Westmoreland Museum of American Art, and the statue of Joe Magarac viewed from the train ride at Kennywood Amusement Park.)
• Listen to the New Christy Minstrels sing about Joe Magarac on the LP record "Land of Giants" … 1963
• Read more about Frederick W. Taylor and his work at Frederick Winslow Taylor: The man who made us all work like this…BBC History Magazine, June 2003.
• Read a selection from a collection of Frederick W. Taylor's essays published in 1911 at Modern History Sourcebook: Frederick W. Taylor: The Principles of Scientific Management, 1911.

Further Reading

Kanigel, Robert. The One Best Way: Frederick Winslow Taylor and the Enigma of Efficiency. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2005.

This book gives an extensive look(700 pages)at Taylor's ideas of efficiency and of the factories and workplaces of the times in which he developed them.

Stoutenburg, Adrien. American Tall Tales.. New York, NY: The Viking Press, Inc., 1966.

This book contains a collection of tall tales from Paul Bunyan and Davy Crockett, to Johnny Appleseed and John Henry. Of particular interest to this lesson is the story of Joe Magarac, a "steel man" from Pittsburgh, found on pages 101-112.

Taylor, Frederick W. The Principles of Scientific Management., 5-29. New York: Harper Bros., 1911.

In this work Frederick Winslow Taylor writes about his revolutionary ideas regarding maximizing work efficiency. These principles are considered a basis for the fields of scientific management and systems engineering.

West, Tracey. Teaching Tall Tales. New York: Scholastic, 1999.

This Scholastic book offers cross-curriculum classroom ideas for teaching with other tall tales. (Grades 3-5) Some suggestions include making a railroad timeline with John Henry, mapping a coastline with Old Stormalong, or writing a news story about Sal Fink.

Web Sites

American Museum of Photography, "Did You Ever Have A Dream Like This?" Fantasy Photographs http://www.photographymuseum.com/talltale.html

See early 1900s postcards which made use of altered photography by William H. Martin at the American Museum of Photography.

Frederick Winslow Taylor: The man who made us all work like this…BBC History Magazine, June 2003. http://david-boyle.co.uk/history/frederickwinslowtaylor.html

Modern History Sourcebook: Frederick W. Taylor: The Principles of Scientific Management, 1911 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1911taylor.html

Frederick Winslow Taylor has been called the founder of scientific management and the master of efficiency. This website of his essays gives his ideas as he studies maximizing work efficiency.

Pittsburgh the Powerful: Images 2: Joe Magarac http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/ptp19a.html

Image of Joe Magarac, the tall tale hero of the steel industry

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