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Map of Seneca reservation and land flooded by Kinzua dam.
Credit: Pennsylvania State Archives
Under the Canandaigua Treaty of 1794, the Seneca retained a tract of land, granted to them in perpetuity, along the Allegheny River. Here they lived on the last Indian lands within Pennsylvania's borders, until 1964, when the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers built the Kinzua dam to control flooding on the Allegheny and Ohio Rivers.