
Image

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, Philadelphia, PA, 1891.
Credit: From Sketches of Southern Life
The year after this photograph was taken, Frances Harper, now in her mid-sixties, published Iola Leroy, or Shadows Uplifted, her only full-length novel. Heralded as "The Bronze Muse," Harper for the next twenty years was a popular speaker who inspired a African Americans and feminists in their struggle for civil rights.