Credit: Courtesy of Coal and Coke Heritage Center, Penn State Fayette, www.coalandcokepsu.org/
Pressured by national outrage over the use of deadly force by Coal and Iron Police in what became known as the Lattimer Massacre in 1897 and during the 1902 anthracite coal strike, the Pennsylvania legislature in 1905 created the Pennsylvania State Constabulary to supplement but not replace the Coal and Iron police forces that for decades had kept unions from emerging in the Pennsylvania coal fields and steel mills.
