Credit: Archives and Labor Collection, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
In 1876, the Sons of Vulcan combined with other iron and steel workers' unions to form the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. Strongest in the Pittsburgh area, the Amalgamated led the unsuccessful strikes at Homestead in 1892 and against U.S. Steel in 1901, after which its membership plunged. In 1936, it affiliated with the CIO.
